Unexplained infertility
Unexplained infertility means that routine investigations have not identified the reason for difficulty becoming pregnant. This diagnosis does not mean that the difficulties are imaginary: it reflects the limits of what the assessment can explain.
When is infertility described as unexplained?
The diagnosis is based on the medical history and an assessment of both partners, including ovulation, the fallopian tubes and semen.
An assessment is generally offered after twelve months of regular intercourse without contraception. It may begin after six months from age 35, or earlier when the medical history or symptoms suggest a fertility problem. After age 40, it is advisable to seek advice promptly.
What care options may be offered?
Care is tailored to age, the duration of the difficulties, the assessment results and the couple’s preferences.
Depending on the circumstances, the doctor may discuss a period of expectant management with follow-up, intrauterine insemination with ovarian stimulation, or in vitro fertilisation (IVF). The choice of treatment and the number of attempts are reviewed with the couple; there is no single pathway that applies to everyone.
How do insemination and IVF differ?
During intrauterine insemination, sperm prepared in the laboratory are placed in the uterus at the appropriate time in the cycle. Fertilisation takes place inside the body.
With IVF, eggs are collected and fertilised in the laboratory. An embryo may then be transferred into the uterus.
What are the chances of pregnancy?
The chances of pregnancy and live birth vary with individual circumstances and treatment. A single percentage cannot estimate a couple’s chances. Your doctor will explain the expected outcomes in your case and the limits of that estimate.
What role can psychological support play?
Uncertainty can be distressing. Psychological support can help people cope with the process and express their feelings. Its purpose is not to identify a supposed psychological “block” causing infertility or to make patients feel responsible for not becoming pregnant.
Further information
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